3.5 Responding to 1NT Opening

A. pass

- HCP 5 points & below with a balanced hand

B. transfer

1. respond 2D with a 5 cards suit of Heart, pass afterward with HCP 6 points & below, open new suit with HCP 10 points & above, rebid 3H with 6 to 10 HCP

2. respond 2H with a 5 card suit of Spare,  pass afterward with HCP 6 points & below, open new suit with HCP 10 points & above, rebid 3S with 6 to 10 HCP

3. respond 2S with a 5 cards of Diamond or Club and with minimum 8 HCP*

C. Stayman**

1. respond 2C with 4 cards of Spare or Heart and raise up to level-3 if trump suit match, 2NT if trump suit not match with 8 to 10 HCP

2. respond 2C with 4 cards of Spare or Heart and direct raise up to game fi trump suit match, 3NT if trump suit not match with 10 to 15 HCP

3. respond 2C with 4 cards of Spare or Heart and open new suit or control bid** if trump suit match, 4NT start Blackwood convention** if trump suit not match with 15 HCP & up to try grand slam

D. 2NT

- a balance hand with 8 to 10 HCP and without any 4 cards major

E. 3NT

- a balance hand or with a 5-card minor with 10 to 15 HCP

* Be careful while using 2S for transfer, if your long suit is Club, expect your partner respond 3D, then you have go up to 4C, you better have at least 10 HCP to do this

** Please reference the chapter of special convention

7.1 Defense

Defense Signal

玩橋牌不能講話, 告訴同伴如何岀牌, 因此大家很注意同伴岀牌時, 有沒有給特別的訊號.

                                                    北 S:   7 6 4

                             H:   Q J 10 3

西 S:   A J 9 5              D:   Q 9 4              東 S:   Q 8 3 2

   H:   9 4                  C:   6 5 3                 H:   7 6 5

   D:   10 2                                            D:   7 6 3

   C:   A K 10 9 7                                      C:   Q J 4

                          南 S:   K 10

                             H:   A K 8 2

                             D:   A K J 8 5

                             C:   8 2

叫牌:         南          西          北           東

              1D          2C          __           __

              2H          __          3H           __

              4H          all pass

Opening lead: king of club

叫牌分析: 1. 南家有 19 點 (18 HCP), 選擇 5 張紅磚開叫 1D.

          2. 西家有 13 點 (12 HCP), 競叫 2C.

          3. 北家 & 東家都只有 5 點, 且只有 3 張牌支持, 都 pass.

          4. 南家有 19 點, 做 reversed bidding, 再叫 2H. 北家樂意支持, 叫 3H.

牌局分析:

1.  正常打法, 西家連贏梅花 A & K 以後, 第三輪仍攻梅花, 南家王牌 trump 贏後,清光防禦者王牌, 接著連贏方塊, 趁機墊掉夢家黑桃失蹲二張, 可以完成合約.         

2.  但此局防禦方東家, 憑著高明岀牌技巧, 打敗合約. 他在西家首攻梅花 K 時, 立即出梅花 Q, 很明顯的給西家訊號, 他要不就是單張, 要不就是有梅花 J, 而且希望上手. 因此東家第二輪不岀 A, 改岀梅花 7.

3.    東家出梅花 J 贏牌後, 改攻黑桃 2, (長門第四大張). 南家岀黑桃 K, 西家出 A 贏牌, 立即分析: 以 “十一定律” 來算,  11-2=9, 表示南, 北 & 西家共有 9 張黑桃, 很明顯南家有 2 張黑桃, 另外由叫牌可猜南家是 5 張方塊, 4 張紅心, 所以, 南家只有 2 張梅花, 犯不著岀梅花 A 被南家王牌 trump, 因此, 西家攻黑桃 5, 東家 Q 吃, 打敗合約.

6.1 Special Convention - Stayman

** You should use Stayman on any hand that has 8 or more points and four cards in

     One or both major suits.

     Ex.   S:   Q 9 8 5

             H:   J 9 7 3                 Partner opens 1NT, you should pass.

             D:   2                         With only 5 points your hand is too weak.

             C:   Q 7 4 3   

**       The Sequence                          The Meaning

           1NT – 2C                    A denial of four hearts or four spades;                  

           2D                               Strength of hand undefined.

           1NT – 2C                   Affirms four- card heart suit, and

            2H                              denies four spades.

          1NT – 2C                    Affirms four-card spade suit, and

            2S                               does not deny possibility of four-card heart suit.

          Ex:    S:   9 7 6 3          You            Partner

                   H:   A Q J 8         1NT             2C

                   D:   K 2                2H

                   C:   A Q 10        If one 4-card major is much stronger than the other, bid the stronger first.

**  Using Stayman is not recommended with 4-3-3-3 distribution.

      

         Ex.   S:   K 8 6 3             

                 H:   A J 6                  Partner opens 1NT, you respond 3NT.

                 D:   Q 10 4

                 C:   5 3 2

** Using Stayman With Weak Hands

     You should be with length in spades, hearts, and diamonds.

     You must be prepared to pass your next bid.

     

     Ex.   S:   10 7 4 2                        Partner             you

             H:   J 9 6 3                             1NT                 2C

             D:   J 8 6 5 2                     2S/2H/2D           pass

             C:   __

** Jacoby form of Stayman

1.     S:   Q 10 9 6 5                  Partner                You 

H:   J 8 7 2                             1NT                2C

D:   5 4                                   # 2S               pass

C:   8 3                                      2H               pass

                                                  2D               2S

2.     S:   A 10 2                         Partner                You

H:   Q 10 9 8 5 4                   1NT                2C

D:   3                                     # 2D               2H

C:   9 7 4                                  2H               4H

                                                 2S                3H 

** How to bid when you have a real club suit

      ( Be sure to make an agreement with your partner.)

1. Strong Hand

   Ex.    S:   A J 9 4                              Partner                     You

            H:   2                                         1NT                         2C

            D:   K 7 3                                  2D                            3C

            C:   A Q 10 8 5

2. Weak Hand

   Ex.   S:   8                                        Partner                    You

           H:   7 4 2                                    1NT                        3C 

           D:   9 4 3
           C:   Q J 8 6 5 3

2.4 Balanced Hand Opening - NT Opening

   

**Hand shapes

    Balanced                          Semi-balanced                   Unbalanced

    4-3-3-3                             5-4-2-2                               5-4-3-1                                            

    4-4-3-2                             6-3-2-2                               5-5-2-1

    5-3-3-2                             7-2-2-2                               and all other shapes

# No void, no singleton    no void, no singleton        include a void or a singleton

at most one doubleton      two or three doubleton

** 1 NT  Opening                                            2 NT  Opening

1.       15 – 17 HCP                                        21 – 22 points

2.       With a balanced hand                          With a balanced hand

** Stopper: A, K x, Q x x,  J x x x

     Partial stopper:  Q x,  J x x

    

** NT opening with a 5-card major suit

1.    S:  K 10                                     Open 1 NT.

H: K 9 8 7 3                               If you open 1H and your partner response 1S,

D: A Q 8                                    you have an awkward rebidding problem.

C: K Q 4

2.    S:  K 10 6 4 3                            Open 2NT.

H: A Q                                       Your five-card spade suit is no deterrent.

D: A K J

C: K Q 2

** Semi-balanced hand

   S:   K 2                                                                     S:   A 10 7 5

   H:   A Q                        Open: 1NT                       H:   A Q                Open: 1C

   D:   A 10 7 5                (no 4-card major)           D:   K 2                (with a 4-card major)

   C:   K 10 9 4 2                                                         C:    K 10 9 4 2

     

3.1 General rule for responding (2)

Strong Responses to Opening Suit Bids of One

**Suit Responses at the Two-level

1.       11 points or more (including distributional points).

2.       No upper limit.

# If you answer your partner’s opening 1S bid with 2H, he should assume that

   You have at least a five-card heart suit.

# You may bid any four-card or longer minor suit at the two-level.

Ex.   S:   9 7 5

        H:   K 2                                        Partner               You

        D:   A 10 2                                     1H                     2C

        C:   A 10 9 6 4

** Strong Responses

1.       Jump raise to the three-level

2.       A jump to 2NT or 3NT

3.       A jump bid in a new suit  (jump shift)

# Jump raise to the three-level

1.       13 to 16 points.

2.       At least four trumps

·         Do not jump-raise a minor suit if you have a four-card or longer major suit.

EX:   S:   K 10 6 2                        Partner                     You

        H:   7                                       1S                            3S

        D:   K Q 4 3

        C:   A 8 7 3                           Partner                    You

                                                        1D                           1S

# A jump to 2NT or 3NT

1.       13 to 15 HCP (2NT);  16 – 18 HCP (3NT).

2.       A balanced hand

3.       Stoppers in all three unbid suits

4.       No four-card or longer major suit

# A jump bid in a new suit  (jump shift)

1.       17, 18 or 19 points

2.       Ask your partner to decide whether or not to bid a slam.

Ex. S:   A J 7 2

      H:   J 3 2                              Partner          You 

      D:   A J 9 5                          1S                 3D

      C:    A Q

Ex.   S:   7

        H:   A K J 10 9 7 2             Partner         You 

        D:   K J                               1S                3H

        C:   Q J 2 

Ex.   S:   8 2

        H:   A Q 7                           Partner         You

        D:   K 9 3                            1S                 3C

        C:   A K J 5 4

·         If you have 20 points or more, it is wrong to jump-shift.  You are the captain to bid slam.

·         The best approach is simply to bid a new suit.

Ex.   S:   A J 7

        H:  A 2                                  Partner                You

        D:   A Q J                                1S                       2C  

        C:   K J 9 5 2          

3.1 General rule for responding (1)

** General rule:

1.       Pass:   0 – 5  HCP

2.       Weak response: 6 – 10 HCP

3.       Two-over-one response: 11 points or more (including distributional points), no upper limit.

4.       Strong response:  > 13 HCP

** Weak response

     You must keep the bidding open with  6 HCP or more.

     You must keep the bidding low.

1.       Bid your longest suit at the one-level.

2.       Bid 1 NT.

3.       Raise the opener’s suit to the two-level.

# Suit responses at the one-level

1.       Shows 6 points or more--- no upper limit.

2.       Any four-card or longer suit is biddable.

3.       The opening bidder must bid again, and keep the bidding low

Ex.  You   S: 10 6 5 2                       Partner            You

                 H: K 9                                 1D                    1S

                 D: A 9 8 7                           Bid your four-card or longer major first.

                 C: 8 7 3

Ex.  You   S: K Q 10 8                      Partner             You

                H: 7 6                                   1H                   1S 

                D: A K 4                              15 HCP, but keep the bidding low. 

                C: K 9 3 2

# raise the opener’s suit to the two-level

  A minor-suit raise to the two-level

1.       Shows 6 – 10 points.

2.       At least four-card trump support

3.       Denies possession of a four-card or longer major suit.

Ex.  S: A Q 3                           Partner                    You

       H: 7                                   1D                            2D

       D: 8 7 5 4 2                    (If partner bid 1C, you respond 1D---keep the bidding low.)

       C: 10 6 4 2

# A major-suit raise shows at least three-card trump support.

# Bid 1 NT

1.       6 – 10 points

2.       Denies possession of a four-card or longer major suit.

3.       No trump support

Ex.  S: K 10 2                              Partner                      You

       H: Q J 7                                 1D                            1 NT

       D: J 10 9                                No four cards trump support.  

       C: 8 6 5 3                              You should also respond 1 NT to 1C opening.

Ex:  S: 7                                       Partner                     You

       H: A Q J 10 9                        1S                             1 NT 

       D: 9 7 5 4 2

       C: 8 2 

劉老師談牌例 (12)

打 No Trump 合約，有兩擋並不保證安全，請看以下例子：

	北	S: A 9 3
		H: A Q 5
		D: Q J 9 5 4 3
		C: K
西	S: Q 10 6 5 4	東	S: J 8
	H: 8 4		H:J 9 6 3 2
	D: A 7		D: K 8
	C: 9 7 3		C: 10 6 5 4
	南	S: K 7 2
		H: K 10 7
		D: A 10 6 2
		C: A J 8 2

叫牌:	北	東	南	西
	1D	--	2NT	--
	3NT	--	--	--

Opening lead: 黑桃5

莊家分析:

1.  合約是 3NT, 必須贏 9 磴. 目前只有 7 張 top trick, 必須靠建立方塊長門才行.

2.  西家首攻黑桃 5, 應是長門第四大牌. 表面上自己手中有黑桃 A & K 兩張 stoppers,

但在首攻後被打掉一張, 只剩下一個擋張. 防禦方黑桃若是 5-2 分配則危險.

3.  要建立方塊長門, 但是 A & K 在外, 會輸兩次. 東家是 Danger hand, 若東家方塊上手

後攻出黑桃, 打掉黑桃剩下的一擋張, 情況危險.

4.  必須設計讓東家在方塊上手後, 無法攻出黑桃.

牌局進行:

1.  夢家岀黑桃 9, 東家出 J 時, 莊家出 2, 讓東家贏牌. 此是致勝關鍵, 意在切斷通路.

2.  東家贏牌後, 續攻黑桃 8, 莊家出 7, 讓夢家黑桃 A 贏牌.

3.  夢家出方塊 Q, 東家出 K 贏牌. 此時東家沒有黑桃, 只能攻梅花 4. 通路已經斷了.

4.  夢家梅花 K 贏後, 再岀方塊 J.

5.  西家出方塊 A 贏後, 攻黑桃 Q, 但已經來不及了. 莊家黑桃 K 贏牌後, 吃掉梅花 A, 三輪紅心及剩餘的方塊, 完成合約.